SAPS II Score estimates the mortality in ICU patients without having to specify the primary diagnosis.
To calculate the SAPS Score which is further used to estimate the mortality in ICU patients.
Used within the first 24 hours of admission to the ICU and does not require a primary diagnosis. Can also be used to measure the quality of care in the ICU. Formula: SAPS II Score is calculated by the addition of selected points of 15 variables. In-hospital mortality, % = e^x / 1+e^x where x = −7.7631 + 0.0737 x (SAPS II Score) + 0.9971 x [ ln(SAPS II Score + 1) ] Variable Points Age <40 0 40-59 7 60-69 12 70-74 15 75-79 16 >=80 18 Heart Rate <40 11 40-69 2 70-119 0 120-159 4 >=160 7 Systolic BP <70 13 70-99 5 100-199 0 >=200 2 Temperature ≥39ºC (102.2ºF) No 0 Yes 3 GCS 14-15 0 11-13 5 9-10 7 6-8 13 <6 26 PaO₂/FiO₂, if on mechanical <100 mm Hg/% 11 ventilation or CPAP 100-199 mm Hg/% 9 ≥200 mm Hg/% 6 Not on mechanical 0 ventilation or CPAP within the last 24 hours BUN, mg/dL BUN <28 or urea <10 0 (serum urea, mmol/L) BUN 28-83 or urea 10-29.6 6 BUN ≥84 or urea ≥30 10 Urine output, mL/day <500 11 500-999 4 >=1000 0 Sodium, mEq/L or mmol/L <125 5 125-144 0 ≥145 1 Potassium, mEq/L <3.0 3 3.0-4.9 0 >=5.0 3 Bicarbonate, mEq/L <15 6 15-19 3 >=20 0 Bilirubin <4.0 mg/dL (<68.4 µmol/L) 0 4.0-5.9 mg/dL (68.4-102.5 µmol/L) 4 ≥6.0 mg/dL (≥102.6 µmol/L) 9 WBC, x 10³/mm³ <1.0 12 1.0-19.9 0 ≥20.0 3 Chronic disease None 0 Metastatic cancer 9 Hematologic malignancy 10 AIDS 17 Type of admission Scheduled surgical 0 Medical 6 Unscheduled surgical 8 Worst values of the variables, Heart Rate, Systolic BP, GCS, PaO₂/FiO₂, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate while highest values of the variables, BUN, Temperature, and Bilirubin, in 24 hrs are taken for assessment. Heart Rate - If the patient has had both cardiac arrest (11 points) and extreme tachycardia (7 points), assign 11 points GCS - If the patient is sedated, use estimated GCS before sedation. PaO₂/FiO₂, if on mechanical ventilation or CPAP - if the patient was extubated <24 hours ago, use the lowest value while on mechanical ventilation. Urine output - If the patient in ICU <24 hours, calculate for 24 hours (e.g. if 1 L in 8 hours, then mark 3 L in 24 hours) Type of admission - Scheduled surgical = surgery scheduled ≥24 hours in advance Medical = no surgery within one week of admission Unscheduled surgical = surgery scheduled ≤24 hours in advance
Should not be used to predict the survival chances of an individual patient. The application of this prediction in burns and cardiac patients requires further study.
1. Gall J-RL, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A New Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) Based on a European/North American Multicenter Study. JAMA. 1993 Dec 22;270(24):2957–63. 2. Capuzzo M, Valpondi V, Sgarbi A, Bortolazzi S, Pavoni V, Gilli G, et al. Validation of severity scoring systems SAPS II and APACHE II in a single-center population. Intensive Care Med. 2000 Dec;26(12):1779–85. 3. Beck DH, Smith GB, Pappachan JV, Millar B. External validation of the SAPS II, APACHE II and APACHE III prognostic models in South England: a multicentre study. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Feb;29(2):249–56.
openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.basic_demographic, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.simplified_acute_physiology_ii_score, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_temperature, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.lab_test-urea_and_electrolytes, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.lab_test-bilirubin, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.lab_test-full_blood_count, openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.urine_output